World-System Technologies

This page i s  UNDER CONSTRUCTION  but you can study the graphic, the  State Space model  outputs and the Wikipedia links below.    Notes You can run the  ITL20 Model  in  R-code  ( here ). For more of my posts see  Blog Roll: Italy ,  the  Boiler Plate  and the I ntroduction to State Space Models . Questions If Italy becomes a Steady-State Economy, how will Technological Change be affected? Will the  Learning-by-Doing  coefficient (F[1,1])) remain the same in a Steady-State Economy ? Wikipedia Links Economy of Italy   a  highly developed   social market economy .  It is the third-largest national economy in the  European Union , the  8th-largest economy in the world by nominal GDP , and the  12th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP . Politics of Italy    conducted through a  parliamentary republic  with a  multi-party system .  Italy  has be...

  There is a debate going on right now (some of it behind paywalls , see below) about how to compare productivity across countries. The debating question is whether Europe ( EU ) has fallen behind the US because of lagging productivity and whether the comparison can even be made given how Technology and Productivity are measured. The issues involve: Measurement , Economic Theory , Economic Models , Forecasting , Growth Mania , the Steady State Economy , Sustainability , Prosperity , Human Development , etc. etc. In this post, I will deal with Measurement. Notes References Bertuzzi, L. (2026)  EU launches major tech push to break US and China dependence European Commission (2025)  The Draghi report on EU Competitiveness Reserve Bank of Australia (2026)  Productivity Nature Editorial  (2025)  End GDP Mania: how the World should really measure Prosperity . Kalman, R. E. (1980) System-Theoretic Critique of Dynamic Economic Models," International Journal of P...

There is a debate going on right now (some of it behind paywalls, see below) about how to compare productivity across countries. The debating question is whether Europe has fallen behind the US because of lagging productivity and whether the comparison can even be made given how Technology and Productivity are measured. This post discusses a different way of measuring productivity and comparing it across countries based on Systems Theory . First, why us this academic debate important? (1) If the investments in Computers and Artificial Intelligence is to make economic sense, it has to increase productivity. How we measure productivity will determine whether the calculation itself makes sense. (2) The Productivity Debate hides a much deeper and more important debate: Productivity measured  conventionally ( q = Q/L , output divided by Labor force) hides a number of feedback effects (to include system dynamics ) that need to be controlled in order to understand what q means (see...