World-System Technologies

This page i s  UNDER CONSTRUCTION  but you can study the graphic, the  State Space model  outputs and the Wikipedia links below.    Notes You can run the  ITL20 Model  in  R-code  ( here ). For more of my posts see  Blog Roll: Italy ,  the  Boiler Plate  and the I ntroduction to State Space Models . Questions If Italy becomes a Steady-State Economy, how will Technological Change be affected? Will the  Learning-by-Doing  coefficient (F[1,1])) remain the same in a Steady-State Economy ? Wikipedia Links Economy of Italy   a  highly developed   social market economy .  It is the third-largest national economy in the  European Union , the  8th-largest economy in the world by nominal GDP , and the  12th-largest by PPP-adjusted GDP . Politics of Italy    conducted through a  parliamentary republic  with a  multi-party system .  Italy  has be...

  23 June 2026  Britain Is Still Deep in the Shadow of Brexit :  Ten years after a slim majority voted to leave the European Union, the economic and political effects of that decision continue to disrupt the United Kingdom. In a prior posts,  I found that (1) The UK is one of the countries ( here ) likely to become a Steady-State Economy  and (2) The 2025 Technological Prosperity Deal between the US and the UK was likely an attempt to head off the steady state. The graphic above shows the effect of Technical Efficiency ( TECHE ) and Technical Productivity ( TECHP ) on growth of the UK Economy ( UK1 ).  Concentrating only on Technical efficiency ( TECHE ) puts the UK economy in Growth-and-Collapse mode, while concentrating on Technical Productivity ( TECHP ) moves the economy toward a Steady State after 2100. The new UK Labor Government, formed after Prime Minister Starmer's resignation , seems to be concentrating on Efficiency in the Public Sector , the...

There is a debate going on right now (some of it behind paywalls, see below) about how to compare productivity across countries. The debating question is whether Europe has fallen behind the US because of lagging productivity and whether the comparison can even be made given how Technology and Productivity are measured. This post discusses a different way of measuring productivity and comparing it across countries based on Systems Theory . First, why us this academic debate important? (1) If the investments in Computers and Artificial Intelligence is to make economic sense, it has to increase productivity. How we measure productivity will determine whether the calculation itself makes sense. (2) The Productivity Debate hides a much deeper and more important debate: Productivity measured  conventionally ( q = Q/L , output divided by Labor force) hides a number of feedback effects (to include system dynamics ) that need to be controlled in order to understand what q means (see...

  Israel is a World-System leader in Technological Change . Google AI Notes: However, the description has been challenged: The Myth of Israel Innovation . Using the IL_L20 Models, the hypothesis of Israel TECH dominance can be tested.  The best short-term model, using AIC Statistics to make the selection, was the Business-As-Usual ( BAU) Model. The best Attractor Path model was the Regional Input ( MEA ) model. Neither TECHP (Productivity) nor TECHE (Efficiency) models were strong competitors (see the graphic above).   This post compares the models: BAU Model  In the Business-as-Usual model, technological change is measured by the coefficient on the Growth Component (the  Learning by Doing  coefficient ( F [2,2] = 1.02477066 in the IL_SYS BAU Model ). It is the primary driver of instability in the System. The BAU model is also cyclical  with  Eigenvalues   = 1.053345+0.0000000i 0.941244+0.0579742i 0.941244-0.0579742i. To create unlimite...

This blog documents an approach to Technological Change that is consistent with General Systems Theory , which contains models that cover Neoclassical Growth Technology, Learning-by-Doing Technology , World-systems Theory and Classical models of Technology to include Schumpeter's Creative Destruction . None of these models are consistent over time within a single country and across countries. Partly, the changing approaches to Technology are historically determined and partly they are due to data limitations that prevent consistent testing over all time periods and countries.  Therefore, there is no general conclusion about technology accept that it may follow one of the time patterns above ( unlimited exponential growth , growth and decline or decline ). Moreover, Technological change is not always the best model to describe growth across time and countries. Different models may dominate during particular periods and in particular ...